STM32F407/ hk32f030m 系统性能测试–dhrystone

一.MCU 基本情况

CPU测试主要是dhrystone，DMIPS(Dhrystone Million Instructions executed Per Second)：Dhrystone是测量处理器运算能力的最常见基准程序之一，常用于处理器的整型运算性能的测量。Dhrystone是一种整数运算测试程序。

1.1 STM32F4MCU基本资源

The STM32F4 family incorporates high-speed embedded memories and an extensive range of enhanced I/Os and peripherals connected to two APB buses, three AHB buses and a 32-bit multi-AHB bus matrix.- 64-Kbyte of CCM (core coupled memory) data RAM- LCD parallel interface, 8080/6800 modes- Timer with quadrature (incremental) encoder input- 5 V-tolerant I/Os- Parallel camera interface- True random number generator- RTC: subsecond accuracy, hardware calendar- 96-bit unique ID

具体型号是：STM32F407IGT6 ,主频168MHZ,M4内核

1.2 航顺 hk32f030m 基本资源

 CPU core
◦ ARM® Cortex®
-M0 core
◦ Maximum frequency: 32 MHz
◦ 24-bit SysTick timer
◦ Supports interrupt vector remapping (through configuring Flash registers)

具体型号是：hk32f030mF4P6 ,TSOP20封装，主频32MHZ,M0内核

二.dhrystone_test 资源占用

2.1 时间测量

systick ,单位1ms.

DWT：

The smaller Cortex-M processors such as Cortex-M0, Cortex-M0+ and Cortex-M23 do not include the DWT capabilities described here,

2.2 内存占用

由于完整版本的dhrystone占用超过10KB，而hk32f030m 只有2KB内存，裁减了部分代码后执行测试

2.2.1 hk32f030m 内存资源占用

dhrystone_test 资源占用：

不含 dhrystone_test ：

Program Size: Code=3068 RO-data=264 RW-data=20 ZI-data=132

含 dhrystone_test ：

Program Size: Code=3600 RO-data=264 RW-data=76 ZI-data=10444

==运行dhrystone_test RAM资源占用 ：76+10444 - 20 -132=10368 B=10368/1024=10.125KB

Image component sizesCode (inc. data)   RO Data    RW Data    ZI Data      Debug   Object Name44         12          0          8          0       2574   bsp_dwt.o400        248          0         48      10200       3149   dhry_1.o234          0          0          0          0       1923   hk32f030m_gpio.o38         10          0          4          0       2774   hk32f030m_it.o364         36         40          0          0       2851   hk32f030m_rcc.o334         12          0          0          0       4221   hk32f030m_usart.o28          8        192          0        240        736   keil_startup_hk32f030m.o700        278          0          0          0     180215   main.o384         40          0          4          0       2819   system_hk32f030m.o404         36          0          0          0      10141   usart.o

2.3 循环次数

循环次数主要根据时间进行定取，要求测试时间大于2S

2.3.1 STM32F407IGT6 循环次数

640000

2.3.1 hk32f030m 循环次数

20000

三.测试结果

3.1 STM32F407IGT6 执行结果

Dhrystone Benchmark, Version 2.1 (Language: C)Program compiled without 'register' attributeExecution starts, 640000 runs through Dhrystone[16:36:48.080]收←◆e_time 3572 1
Execution endsFinal values of the variables used in the benchmark:Int_Glob:            5should be:   5
Bool_Glob:           1should be:   1
Ch_1_Glob:           Ashould be:   A
Ch_2_Glob:           Bshould be:   B
Arr_1_Glob[8]:       7should be:   7
Arr_2_Glob[8][7]:    640010should be:   Number_Of_Runs + 10
Ptr_Glob->Ptr_Comp:          536883992should be:   (implementation-dependent)Discr:             0should be:   0Enum_Comp:         2should be:   2Int_Comp:          17should be:   17Str_Comp:          DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRINGshould be:   DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRING
Next_Ptr_Glob->Ptr_Comp:          536883992should be:   (implementation-dependent), same as aboveDiscr:             0should be:   0Enum_Comp:         1should be:   1Int_Comp:          18should be:   18Str_Comp:          DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRINGshould be:   DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRING
Int_1_Loc:           5should be:   5
Int_2_Loc:           13should be:   13
Int_3_Loc:           7should be:   7
Enum_Loc:            1should be:   1
Str_1_Loc:           DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 1'ST STRINGshould be:   DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 1'ST STRING
Str_2_Loc:           DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 2'ND STRINGshould be:   DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 2'ND STRINGMicroseconds for one run through Dhrystone: 4 
Dhrystones per Second:                      213333 
VAX  MIPS rating:                           121 
DMIPS/MHz: 0.7227 

3.2 hk32f030m 执行结果

hrystone Benchmark, Version 2.1 (Language: C)Program compiled without 'register' attributeExecution starts, 20000 runs through Dhrystone[14:33:11.890]收←◆e_time 2170 21
dwt_e_time 0 0
Execution endsFinal values of the variables used in the benchmark:Int_Glob:            0should be:   5
Bool_Glob:           1should be:   1
Ch_1_Glob:           Ashould be:   A
Ch_2_Glob:           Bshould be:   B
Arr_1_Glob[8]:       0should be:   7should be:   Number_Of_Runs + 10
Ptr_Glob->Ptr_Comp:          536871216should be:   (implementation-dependent)Discr:             0should be:   0Enum_Comp:         2should be:   2Int_Comp:          12should be:   17Str_Comp:          DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRINGshould be:   DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRING
Next_Ptr_Glob->Ptr_Comp:          536871216should be:   (implementation-dependent), same as aboveDiscr:             0should be:   0Enum_Comp:         1should be:   1Int_Comp:          18should be:   18Str_Comp:          DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRINGshould be:   DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRING
Int_1_Loc:           10should be:   5
Int_2_Loc:           13should be:   13
Int_3_Loc:           7should be:   7
Enum_Loc:            1should be:   1
Str_1_Loc:           DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 1'ST STRINGshould be:   DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 1'ST STRING
Str_2_Loc:           DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 2'ND STRINGshould be:   DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 2'ND STRINGMicroseconds for one run through Dhrystone: 100 
Dhrystones per Second:                      10000 
VAX  MIPS rating:                           5 
DMIPS/MHz: 0.1779 

四.性能分析

4.0 M内核 参考数据

Cortex-M系列

Core Architecture bits DMIPS/MHz DSP
Cortex-M0 ARMv6M 32 0.9~0.99
Cortex-M3 ARMv6M 32 1.25~1.5
Cortex-M4 ARMv6M 32 1.25~1.52 8/16 SMID 单精度FPU
Cortex-M7 ARMv7-M 32 2.14/2.55/3.23 8/16 SMID 双精度FPU

4.1 CORTEX 内核参考数据

ARM processors DMIPS/MHz comparison

4.2 M0 性能分析

ARM Cortex-M0 功能
ISA支持	Thumb® / Thumb-2 子集
流水线	3级
性能效率	1.99 CoreMarks/MHz - 0.90 至 0.99 DMIPS/MHz
中断	不可屏蔽的中断 (NMI) + 1 到 32 个物理中断
睡眠模式	集成的 WFI 和 WFE 指令和“退出时睡眠”功能
睡眠和深度睡眠信号
随 ARM 电源管理工具包提供的可选 Retention 模式
位操作	可以使用 Cortex-M System Design Kit实现位处理操作区
增强的指令	硬件单周期 (32x32) 乘法选项
调试	可选 JTAG 和Serial-Wire 调试端口。最多 4 个断点和 2 个观察点

Core	Architecture	bits	DMIPS/MHz
M0	v6-M	32	0.9~0.99
M0+	v6-M	32	1.08
M3	v6-M	32	1.25~1.5
M4	v6-M	32	1.25~1.52
M7	v-M	32	2.14/2.55/3.2

官方数据：M0 有 0.90 至 0.99 DMIPS/MHz，但实际上hk32f030m 只有0.1779 ，而且还是裁剪版本的测试，实际更低

4.3 M4 性能分析

官方数据：M4 1.25~1.52 DMIPS/MHz，但实际上STM32F407IGT6 只有0.7227.还是国际一线大厂设计的产品，与宣称的差距非常大。

五.参考

https://gitee.com/RT-Thread-Mirror/dhrystone

https://blog.stratifylabs.co/device/2019-05-20-Dhrystone-Benchmarking-on-MCUs/

https://www.cnblogs.com/cjchang/p/12187518.html